Upcycling of hemp hurds into high-value cellulose nanomaterials: Nanofibrillated cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose production and characterization (2026)

This study focused on the production and characterization of nanocellulose derived from hemp hurd, a highly valuable lignocellulosic natural resource. The holocellulose, alpha-cellulose, and lignin contents of the hemp hurd were determined as 83.3%, 39.1%, and 15.7%, respectively. The hemp hurd fibe